走向精準(zhǔn)合成的表面在位化學(xué)
遲力峰
蘇州大學(xué)功能納米與軟物質(zhì)研究院,蘇州工業(yè)園區(qū)仁愛(ài)路199號(hào),215123
Email: chilf@suda.edu.cn
表面在位化學(xué)(on-surface chemistry)是近十年來(lái)發(fā)展起來(lái)的新型精準(zhǔn)化學(xué)合成方法。它通過(guò)激活前驅(qū)體分子在表面完成分子的活化、遷移以及偶聯(lián),制備傳統(tǒng)合成法難以獲得的功能分子及聚合物。其優(yōu)勢(shì)在于產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)的精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控可以通過(guò)前驅(qū)體分子結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、與襯底晶格的相互作用、分子預(yù)組裝、單分子操控等多種方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。已經(jīng)報(bào)道的代表性產(chǎn)物包括結(jié)構(gòu)可調(diào)的石墨烯納米帶、聚合多烯、石墨炔納米線以及金屬有機(jī)雜化物等等。我們運(yùn)用掃描隧道顯微鏡、非接觸式原子力顯微鏡、掃描隧道譜、單分子操控等方面的實(shí)驗(yàn)手段,著重研究了功能性有機(jī)分子及聚合物的表面脫鹵自由基偶聯(lián)反應(yīng)、脂肪烴的表面脫氫反應(yīng)、以及開(kāi)發(fā)產(chǎn)物的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)原位性質(zhì)表征手段等。表面在位化學(xué)的發(fā)展為設(shè)計(jì)和拓展新型分子材料的原子級(jí)精準(zhǔn)制備與性質(zhì)表征提供了新思路和新途徑。
關(guān)鍵詞:表面在位化學(xué);非接觸式原子力顯微術(shù);掃描隧道顯微術(shù);單分子操控
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] Li, X.; Niu, K.; Duan, S.; Tang, Y.; Hao, Z.; Xu, Z.; Ge, H.; Rosen, J.; Bjork, J.; Zhang, H.; Xu, X.; Chi, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145: 4545.
[2] Zhong Q.; Niu, K.; Chen, L.; Zhang H.; Ebeling, D.; Bjork, J.; Mullen, K.; Schirmeisen, A.; Chi, L.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144: 8214.
[3] Li, X.; Niu, K.; Zhang, J.; Yu, X.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y.; Guo, Q.; Wang, P.; Li, F.; Hao, Z.; Xu, C.; Tang, Y.; Xu, Z.; Lu, S.; Liu, P.; Xue, G.; Wei, Y.; Chi, L.; Natl. Sci. Rev. 2021, 8(10): Nwab093.
On-Surface Chemistry: Towards Precise Synthesis
Lifeng Chi
Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123
On-surface chemistry is a new precise synthesis method that has developed in the past decade. The on-surface reactions occur on single-crystal surfaces by activating precursor molecules to promote their subsequent migration and coupling, aiming at preparing functional molecules and polymers that can hardly be prepared via traditional solution chemistry. Atomic precision is achievable by designing the chemical structure of precursor molecules, tuning the interactions between adsorbate and substrate, forming pre-assembled molecular patterning, and single-molecule manipulation. Representative achievements include the synthesis of structural-adjustable graphene nanoribbons, linear polyenes, graphdiyne nanowires, and metal-organic hybrids. In this report, I will summarize the past works in this field by focusing on the synthesis of functional molecules and polymers through the dehalogenation or dehydrogenation of precursors. The characterization tools mainly used include scanning tunneling microscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and single-molecule manipulation. The development of on-surface chemistry provides new strategies and approaches for designing and expanding atomic-level precise preparation and property characterization of new molecular materials.
Keywords: On-surface chemistry; non-contact atomic force microscopy; scanning tunneling microscopy; single-molecule manipulation
References:
[1] Li, X.; Niu, K.; Duan, S.; Tang, Y.; Hao, Z.; Xu, Z.; Ge, H.; Rosen, J.; Bjork, J.; Zhang, H.; Xu, X.; Chi, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145: 4545.
[2] Zhong Q.; Niu, K.; Chen, L.; Zhang H.; Ebeling, D.; Bjork, J.; Mullen, K.; Schirmeisen, A.; Chi, L.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144: 8214.
[3] Li, X.; Niu, K.; Zhang, J.; Yu, X.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y.; Guo, Q.; Wang, P.; Li, F.; Hao, Z.; Xu, C.; Tang, Y.; Xu, Z.; Lu, S.; Liu, P.; Xue, G.; Wei, Y.; Chi, L.; Natl. Sci. Rev. 2021, 8(10): Nwab093.
遲力峰,蘇州大學(xué)功能納米與軟物質(zhì)研究院教授。1982年、1985年于吉林大學(xué)分別獲學(xué)士和碩士學(xué)位,1989年在德國(guó)哥廷根大學(xué)獲博士學(xué)位。她長(zhǎng)期在物理化學(xué)領(lǐng)域從事表界面分子組裝及表面在位反應(yīng)研究,在包括《Science》、《Nature》等高水平雜志上發(fā)表論文近500篇。提出了表面晶格調(diào)控的分子組裝反應(yīng)方法,從單鍵層次獲得了表面對(duì)分子選擇性活化的新認(rèn)知,取得了系統(tǒng)性創(chuàng)新成果。先后榮獲美國(guó)ACS Nano Lectureship獎(jiǎng)(2016)和IUPAC化學(xué)化工杰出女性獎(jiǎng)(2017)。擔(dān)任《ACS Nano》和《高等學(xué)?;瘜W(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》副主編,中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)第三十一屆理事會(huì)常務(wù)理事、女化學(xué)工作者委員會(huì)副主任等學(xué)術(shù)職務(wù)。2020年入選歐洲科學(xué)院外籍院士, 2021年當(dāng)選中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士。2020年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)士。